Crystal+Choi

__WEEK 1 __  Question: Describe the unusual business model used in the iPod's fabrication as developed by Apple.  The unusual business model used by used in the iPod's fabrication as developed by Apple.was that it out sourced to many companies such as Sony, Toshiba, Wolfson and etc. Apple became design partners with portal because it yielded the highest quality of sound. All these companies that apple out sourced to are known to provide good quality at a cheaper cost. Apple and Portal player together needed to come up with a effective cost effective way to deliver the highest quality of sound. .Question: What distinguishes the work of the team of Jobs and Ive in relation to products designed by Apple? What new materials are enabling different design?   Works of the team of Jobs and Ive don’t consist of a lot of people. The only goal in the company is to make products more appealing and easier to use. The products created by them gave a new perspective to how the computer can be presented in the market. When the imac is first presented, it change the mental image of a traditional computer in humans brain. It introduces style and art into the appearance of the computer world. Both Jobs and Ive were very passionate about their job and payed great attention to detail.

They add colours into the design. Colors that are exciting and look good which gives a personal feel to computers making them stand out among other computers, also making the person who owns it unique.  Question: Describe the importance of Apple's design team. Are other companies trying to compete with Apple by creating their own design teams?  Apple design team is their key of the success. Their team consist professionals that share the same goal and vision. Ive's has won many awards and was the the winner of the Design Museum's inaugural Designer of the Year award in 2003. Apple's design team works in a very informal environment with loud music and a lot of space. They invest a lot to their R & D department making their design is more stable and more well develop then other companies. Their design are innovative and unique.

__WEEK 2 __

Question: List the three definitions of 'ergonomics'.

The three definations of ergonomics are : · Physical ergonomics is the human body’s responses to physical and physiological work loads. Repetitive strain injuries from repetition, vibration, force, and posture fall into this category.

· Cognitive ergonomics deals with the mental processes and capacities of humans when at work. Mental strain from workload, decision making, human error, and training fall into this category.

· Organizational ergonomics deals with the organizational structures, policies and processes in the work environment, such as shift work, scheduling, job satisfaction, motivation, supervision, teamwork, telecommuting, and ethics.

http://www.tifaq.com/ergonomics.html Question: Read each of the task analyses and case studies at [|**http://www.ergonomics.org.au/ergonomics/case_studies.html#case6**]. Choose one of the case studies, and add an additional recommendation to one of them in step two as 'advice'.

Case 2 Let waiters use pushing trays to serve in peak hours so that each of them can bring more trays and plates in a shorter period of time and this can also reduce the cost by not needing to hire more people.

__Week 3__ Bamboo Treadle Pump It is sociably responsible because, its made with cheap materials, using locally available materials, basic, light weighted.

__Week 4__

__Week 5__ <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">As part of 'Experience Prototyping', bodystorming has been developed as a method of enquiry for interactive design. Research the definition of 'bodystorming', and write a paragraph describing its characteristics. > > //Characteristics.// > To take innovation practices beyond ‘brainstorming’ by giving ideas physical form and acting out situations. The Experience is designed to reveal how modes of exchange between people, places and things affect ideas in ways that scenario design and written descriptions cannot. The experience creates a model situation in which rapid iteration and understanding of underlying assumptions can be explored. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">//WHO FOR// > Bodystorming Experiences are ideally suited to groups of 15-20 participants. > > //PROCESS// > 1 - Outline Experience Aims & Desired Outcomes > 2 - Design & Develop Experience > 3 - Confirm & Create Props > 4 - Delivery > http://proboscis.org.uk/bodystorming/ > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodystorming > > **After viewing the video 'Part 1: Bodystorming Experiencing a Disability' at <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nyE5bDqaSwc **<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 3);">**<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">describe the information revealed to the researchers in the three different case studies for one paragraph each. You should have a total of four paragraphs for this tutorial. ** <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> > <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> **The participant was blindfolded and given a stick to help her navigate her surroundings. The test participant for the visual impairment test felt disoriented. She depends on her other senses to find her way to the stairs and up the elevators and make her decision. <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> > The boy need to remember numbers while answering math questions. The participant got alot of the numbers wrong and this frustration negatively impacted his self esteem. <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> > The boy needs to have pens taped to his fingers and wrist to prevent him from being able to bend his fingers and gloves were put over his hands which then can give the participant and idea of how arthritis felt, While doing the participants is scared of injury and had to use more power to do simple stuff. <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
 * Bodystorming is a technique sometimes used in interaction design or as a creativity technigue.
 * to act out issues, techniques, interfaces and designs. Bodystorming manifests ideas into objects and situations to reveal the kinds of relationships that occur through social and cultural interactions between people.
 * We also develop playful bodystorming experiences for demonstrating and researching ideas and situations
 * harness the power of this tactile, tangible, social and creative event.
 * A participatory experience for exploring ideas and innovation issues in a designed physical situation.
 * <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">**'Bodystorming Experiencing a Disability'Disability 1: Visual Impairment- Blindness
 * <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">**Case study 2: Cognitive - Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)**
 * <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">**Case study 3: Motor - Chronic Arthritis**
 * **Can you think of how you could use bodystorming and video to help you analyze the design of your major project?**
 * they can help me to experience the difficulties and realixe what is missing in design

=__Week 6**:**__= According to David Liddle, the three stages of adoption are: Enthusiast user- is an individual who appreciates the technology and who is very passionate about the product, they will start using and trying to beprofessional with it before anyone starting to use it. They will try to make te product be more useful or better. For example, a 35 mm camera. Another example could be the computer that people just invented it. People who are the first ones who are using it are the enthusiast users.
 * <span style="color: rgb(249, 26, 154);">Three Phases for the Adoption of a Technology **

Professional user- the individual who exploits technology and it’s capabilities. They are users who use it for professional use, for example for work or making money.Users in this stage still needs to know alot about the product, becausein this stage alot of stuff is still manual, such as making websites at the begining before any web design programs are out yet. One need to know how to have alot of information about codes to build a website.

Consumer user - In this stage the product has became more user friendly and affordable. an individual use it because of interest. For example, a 35mm camera and a computer.


 * A good example of a product that gone all through these stages is a computer. The enthusiast users are those who invented it and scientists. The profesionals are the professors, and now the consumer users are students.

=__Week 7:__ <span style="color: rgb(10, 10, 10);"> = According to David Liddle, the three stages of adoption are: Write a description of interaction architecture as defined by Mat Hunter at **http://www.designinginteractions.com/interviews/MatHunter and Rikako Sakai at http://www.designinginteractions.com/interviews/RikakoSakai** in relation to their work with Kodak in 1995.

Matt hunter made use interaction to improve and organize the camera technology to the public. He talks about how Kodak ask him about digital cameras in the future. George east men created Kodak on the basis that you have your box camera which allows you to take pictures by just pressing a button. Which they found out through studying the psychology of those who uses cameras. By making cameras user friendly. The idea developed from the failure of VCR who was indented to have everyone know how to use it.
 * Interaction architecture according to Mat Hunter:**

Interaction architecture according to Rikako Sakai: Designing the camera to be user friendly for people to take pictures and stuff they want.She developed "photo-stitching' in digital camera shots. This help people to stick alot of picture up such as when you need to take a whole sea view, it allows you to take it in parts. It is very useful but very hard to use therefore she have also have a software for it where you can drag and match the pictures together.


 * In addition, as you will be creating a questionnaire for your major assignment, read the article at http://www.cc.gatech.edu/classes/cs6751_97_winter/Topics/quest-design/ to help you formulate the question.** How does the author define 'leading questions' and 'hypothetical questions'? Write a paragraph each to define these terms.

a leading question is "one that forces or implies a certain type of answer". Asking something like "Don't you think that product X is excellent?" which in this case you implies that the product is very good and you will not get an honest opinion about the product.

a hypothetical question is when you put "based, at best, on conjecture and, at worst, on fantasy." which are unrealistic and unnecessary scenarios with bad answers which then making your research kind of useless because it is asking what you wanted to know.

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> =Week 8=

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Chase's job is to travel around the world, he works as a ‘<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">human-behavior researcher,’ for Nokia. H e observes people and how they behave, react and everything with their cellphone. He also talks to people in developing countries face to - face,asking question about what they think about cell phones and taking pictures. He then gives them all to Nokia, for Nokia needs that information how know to design and market their cell phones better. They've observed how cellphones are being used and improves an individuals lifestyle and habbit. For example: with a cell phone people don'y need to go back and forth from a place to another to check stuff when they are on the street they can just call and ask. and design in different cultures as part of their market expansion.

Different culture have different needs with researching and analyzing cellphone use in a particular country is actually useful in marketing to a different country. Such as you need to answer questions like " How do you make a phone that can be repaired by a streetside repairman who may not have access to new parts? How do you build a phone that won’t die a quick death in a monsoon or by falling off the back of a motorbike on a dusty road? Or a phone that picks up distant signals in a rural place, holds a charge off a car battery longer or that can double as a flashlight during power cuts?" Chase doesn't only anylyze the culture but also the weather so that the phone can be compatitable in their weather.

Cell phones can improve proverty because it acts as an important communication technology that can influence countries. Chase's investigations have played an important role in marketing for Nokia for their expansions to other markets around the world. By creating affordable cell phones to developing countries can improve not only Nokia's productivity but also enhance the lives of the people in those places.

=__Week 9:__= <span style="color: rgb(255, 71, 165);">Design as a Collaborative Process View the video of Bill Moggridge**. The founder of IDEO, at PICNIC08: Design as a Collaborative Process at []**

Describe how he defines 'design as a collaborative process', and cite two examples of how creators involve the people they want to create for in their work, according to Bill Moggridge's lecture. Find an online example of a product which utilizes his principles of, add its URL, and describe its design in three sentences.


 * (Hint: Bruce Mau's Massive Change web site also presents examples of these principles of using 'a shared mind'.)

Bill Moggridge, the fonder of IDEO, he said that design is all about connectivity -- like telling stories and making a movie, design is how people think, about cognitive psychology, socialogy and also work together in teams with different backgroud. These all have to do with design as a collaborative process beceause it is important to work together in a team with alot of different background for this will increase the experiences and ideas.

By making people feel that this is their project is for them. it will become much more effective because it will be the people who actrually use the design. example such as the design made for the ear nose and throat surgery. Where they bring them in teams and make them redesign the tools that they recently use. Since they know that this project is for them, they will put more effort in doing the project and will also have a better result.

Another example will be the american red cross donor program, they let people who donate blood put their picture and write comments of why they would donate blood on the wall. This made them feel that they are part of something big project, which them make them involve more and be more effective.

The process in making a shopping cart which excercise all his principle. [] [] []

The group who is making those shopping cart are teamed up with different kind of people with different backgroup in everyway. Some of them with a psycology major, some with a biology major and so on. They got together to make a new shopping cart. They all used the shoping carts before and they will also use it in future this stick on the principle in where if you will use it you wil pay more attention and give more effort in it.**

__Week 10__

One of my favourite product design is the skeleton key it is the design of a chair that mimics a bone structure. The chair is made out of aluminum and hollow inside the sticks. It is interesting in how there sticks are so skinny and they can still can hold weight. Just like our bodies bones.** =**Echolocation**=
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255);">CCT333 Week 10 Biomimicry: Janine Benyus and the Biomimicry Institute and Guild


 * Sonar-Enabled Cane

Sound Foresight, a small company in Barnsley, England, created the UltraCane. The high-tech device for the vision-impaired uses a sonar-like technology—similar to the way bats navigate in the dark—to prevent collisions. The cane sends out sound waves ahead of the person holding it. These sense upcoming objects, such as street signs or other people, and provide a tactile warning of an oncoming obstacle's location through the cane's handle. This is a very interesting and helpfulway to help people who are visually impaired. Because Bats are blind anyways and if they never make mistakes so do people if they use this product. It is interesting in how they can mimic how a bat use it;s ability to travel. I like it because it is a very good and interesting idea to make sure people dont get bump into something.** =**New Plumage**=

The reason why I like this desig is because it could save batteries. I always get fustrated when my phone doesn;t have enought batteries. In this way, ans usually it is the colorful display we have right now is killing the battery. Therefore, if they started to use this technology in all phones. I will not mind to get a big screen phone where I can do stuff more easily and can enjoy my self with it more, than needing to worry about the battery life.**
 * Bio-Inspired Color Displays

__Week 11**__
Glen's asking a series of questions to usability professionals in interviews - his abbreviated list is below. Answer the below questions briefly in consideration of the material on these two websites:

http://www.webaim.org/intro/- basic introduction to various forms of accessibility in web communications http://www.uiaccess.com/accessucd/overview.html- integrating accessibility in design

1. How would you describe web accessibility?

I would describe it as making sure a website have include a variety of features that would allow many people with a range of disabilities, such as visual, hearing, motor, cognitive, to access the information on the website. Such as put more helpful illustrations, properly- organized content and clear navigation.

2. Who do you think benefits from accessible websites and how?

I believe everyone can benefit from putting more helpful illustrations, properly- organized content and clear navigation, especially people who have disabilities. For people who can not hear more pictures and words would help them a lot and for people who are blind with a audio navigation can help them understand what is on the page and what it is about.

3. Do you think your website/blog should be accessible? Should all Canadian websites?

I think if making all Canadian website to turn to accessible might take a long time. I think the Canadian government, medical centers webpage and so as hospital websites should start making their website accessible first for they are the most important one where it give proper information about important stuffs.

4. What do you think is the biggest challenge of making a website accessible?

I think the biggest challenge is to make the website be accessible to meet every disability needs. For each of them have different needs and if you make it accessible to some of them but not the others it will not be fair to the person who can’t have the accessibility. Therefore, I think the government should put more money in research so that they can find out the best guidelines to make websites for people who have disabilities and try to meet their needs.